The Telugu film industry based in the city was the country's second-largest producer of motion pictures as of 2012. Through its cuisine, the city is listed as a UNESCO creative city of gastronomy. Painting, handicraft, jewellery, literature, dialect and clothing are prominent still today. A distinctive culture arose from the amalgamation of local and migrated artisans. By the end of the early modern era, the Mughal Empire declined in the Deccan and the Nizam's patronage had attracted men of letters from various parts of the world. Relics of the Qutb Shahi and Nizam rules remain visible today the Charminar has come to symbolise the city. Since 1956, the city has housed the winter office of the President of India. In 2014, Andhra Pradesh was bifurcated to form Telangana and Hyderabad became the joint capital of the two states with a transitional arrangement scheduled to end in 2024. After the introduction of the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, Hyderabad was made the capital of the newly formed Andhra Pradesh. Hyderabad was annexed by the Indian Union in 1948 and continued as a capital of Hyderabad State (1948–56). As capital of the princely state of Hyderabad, the city housed the British Residency and cantonment until Indian independence in 1947. Hyderabad served as the imperial capital of the Asaf Jahis from 1769 to 1948. In 1724, Mughal Viceroy Nizam Asaf Jah I declared his sovereignty and founded the Asaf Jahi dynasty, also known as the Nizams.
In 1687, the city was annexed by the Mughals. Muhammad Quli Qutb Shah established Hyderabad in 1591 to extend the capital beyond the fortified Golconda. With an output of US$74 billion, Hyderabad has the fifth-largest urban economy in India. According to the 2011 Census of India, Hyderabad is the fourth-most populous city in India with a population of 6.9 million residents within the city limits, and has a population of 9.7 million residents in the metropolitan region, making it the sixth-most populous metropolitan area in India.
With an average altitude of 542 m (1,778 ft), much of Hyderabad is situated on hilly terrain around artificial lakes, including the Hussain Sagar lake, predating the city's founding, in the north of the city centre. It occupies 650 km 2 (250 sq mi) on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River, in the northern part of South India. Hyderabad ( / ˈ h aɪ d ər ə b æ d/ ( listen) HY-dər-ə-bad Telugu:, Urdu: ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana.
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